The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening trophy on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, Marseille fired two times in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial equaliser in the final moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty win.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.
